Joshua mason



' 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. MASON; STEAM AND. HOT WATER BOILER.

{Paten'ted Jan. 11, 1887.

N PETERS, PhmoLilhogmpher. Washington 0 0.

2 Sheeteeeeeee J. MASON.

ST AAAAA D HOT WATER BOILER. N0. 355,699.v Patented Jan. 11, 1887. v

around the fire-box.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSHUA MASON, or rnrnnson, NEW JERSEY.

STEAM -AND HOT-WATER Bonsai SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 355,699, dated January 11, 1887.

Application filed May 13, 1886. Serial No. 202,092. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSHUA MASON, -a citi-' zen of the United States,residing at Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey,have invented a new and useful Steam and Hot-Water Boiler, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of steam or hot-water boilers whichare vertical or upright and made in sections; and the objects I have inview are, first, to make a boiler which shall unite the elements ofstrength, dur'abil ity, simplicity in construction, and economy inmanufacture; second, to make a boiler in which there shall be a largearea of heatingsurface and which shall not require cleaning; and, third,to make a sectional boiler the sections of which can be put togetherwithout the use of rods, bars, bolts, packing material, or, in fact, anydevices or materials other than the sections themselves. I attain theseobjects by the particular form ofsection which I usein the constructionof my improved boiler, as shown in the accompanying drawings, in whichthe same numerals refer to like parts.

Figure l is a sectional view of my improved boiler, showing the sectionsplaced one upon the other. Fig. 2 is a plan of one of the sections. Fig.3 is a plan of one of the sections, showing battle-plates, hereinafterreferred to.

1 is the grate. 2 is the fire-box. 3 is the annular space, filled withwater, or water-leg 4 4are the lower set of arms in each section. 5 5are the upper set of arms in each section. 6 is the lower hub of eachsection. 7 is the upper hub of each section. 8 is the hollow ring ofeach section. 9 is the steam-dome. 10 is the tube connecting thewater-leg 3 with the ring 8, as shown in Fig. 1. is the usual jacketwhich is placed around boilers. .20 is a narrow ring cast upon the undersurface of the ring 8, for the purposes hereinafter explained.

Each section of the boiler consists of a hollow ring connected by twosets of hollow arms to hollow :hubs, and is similar in shape to a wheelhaving two sets of spokes or arms, an upper set and an under set, and soarranged with reference to each other that the upper set of arms isstaggered over the lower set of arms, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Iprefer to make circulates.

the rings beveled, as shown in Fig. 1, as by so doing the under surfaceof each ring will be exposed to the action of the heat and the area ofthe heating-surface will be thereby greatly increased. Each arm issimilar in shape to a triangular prism, the edge of which, formed by theintersection of two of its sides, is uppermost, as shown in Figs. 2 and3. The arms are preferably made curved, as shown in Figs.

2 and 3. The arms 45, ring 8, and hubs 6 and 7 are hollow, through whichthe water freely The hub 6 projects below the plane containing the lowersurfaces of the ring 8, and the lower set of arms, 4, and likewise thehub 7, is extended above the plane in which lie the upper edges of thearms 5 and the ring 8, as shown in Fig. 1. These hollow extensions ofthe hubs 6 and 7 are provided with screwthreads, so that the severalsections may be screwed the one upon the other. Thus, referring to Fig.1, the extension of hub 6 has a female thread out upon its interior toreceive the male threaded extension of hub 7 of the section immediatelybeneath, and the extension of the hub 7 is provided with a male threadupon its exterior and is adapted to be screwed into the extension of hub6 of the next section, above; hence, by screwing sections together theboiler may be built up to any desired height.

I find it desirable in the manufacture of my improved boiler to cast aring, 20, upon the lower outside edge'ofthe hollow ring 8, as shown inFig. 1. The ring should extend below the under surface of the ring 8 asfar as, but no farther than, does the extension of the hub 6. The objectof this ring is to allow of the extension of the hub 6 for the purposeof cutting a thread upon its interior, as above described, and also toavoid the necessity of turning the entire lower surface of the hollowring 8, it being necessary to turn only the lower face of the ring 20,so that it will fit aocurately upon the turned upper edge of the vhollow ring 8 of the section immediately be- IOG other perfectly andprevent the escape of smoke or other vapors. The joints formed byscrewing the sections together make tight and permanent connections,through which thewater circulates from one section to another.

In my improved boiler the fire-box 2 and water-leg 3 are of the usualconstruction; The upper half of a section is placed above the fire-box,as shown in Fig. 1, the water-communication between the hollow ring 8 ofthe section and the water-leg 3 being through the tube 10.

The manner in which the boiler is put together will be apparent from theforegoing description. The sections are simply screwed one uponthe-other, no bolts, rods, bars, or other devices being necessary tohold the sections together. Each section is made of iron, and is cast inone piece.

I prefer to make the upper surface of the hub 6 conical in shape, asshown in Fig. 1, in order to prevent the lodgment thereon of soot, dirt,or ashes.

The steam-drum 9 is of the usual construction, and is placed on the topof the sections, as in other sectional upright boilers, as shown in Fig.1, or in any other suitable manner. The safety-valve and all the otherusual appliances of steam-boilers may be used with my improved boiler;but they are not shown here, as they do not form any part of thisinvention.

In a boiler constructed according to my improvements the spaces betweenthe rings 8, arms 4 5, and hubs 6 7 constitute the heatflues, and theproducts of combustion, after leaving the fire-box, impinge firstagainst the bottom surfaces of the arms 5 of the half-section,immediately above the fire-box; then,being deflected to either side ofeach arm, pass on upward and come into contact with the lower surfacesof the lower set of arms and the hollow ring 8 of the section nextabove, and being again deflected pass on upward to the bottom surfacesof the upper set of arms, which are staggered over the lower set, asabove stated, and are again deflected, passing upward to the arms andhollow ring of the next section, as before, so that the heat and gasesof combustion before reaching the'chimneyflue strike in succession allthe arms and the water-ring and the hollow hubs of each section of theboiler. Owing to the peculiar shape of the arms and hollow ring, asabove described, ashes and dirt are not permitted to lodge upon them,but fall back into the firebox, so that the boiler will seldom, if ever,need cleaning. The circulation of the water in my improved boiler ispositive, and is from the water-leg 3 through the tube 10 to the ring 8,thence through the arms 5 to the hollow hub 7,thence up through theconnection formed by screwing together the two hubs, as above described,to the lower set of arms of the next section above, through them to thering 8 and back through the upper set of arms to the hub 7, and so 011.Thus it will be seen that there are no counter currents in thecirculation of the water, but that there is a continuous, active, andsteady flow in one and the same general direction.

If it be desired, the sections, when they have been put together, may becovered with a cement or other boiler covering, in the usual manner; orthe sections may be surrounded by ajacket, 15, as shown in Fig. 1.

Should it be desired to change the direction of the heat as it passesupward, or to retain it longer within the boiler and prevent its toorapid passage to the chimney,bafile-plates may be used. Suchbaffle-plates are shown in Figs. 1 and 3. These plates should rest uponthe upper edges of two arms and incline up to the base of the armstaggered above, as shown in the drawings. The plates being thusinclined, ashes and dirt will not accumulate upon them, but will fallback into the fire-box.

For the sake of convenience I have shown but four arms or spokes in eachset of arms; but it is obvious that any convenient number may be used.So, also, with other details of construction,variations may be made inthem without affecting the principle involved in my invention.

It will be observed that the boiler, as described herein, can beentirely emptied of water.

I do not claim anything new in the construction of the fire-box, grate,steam-drum, or any of the other parts of a steam'boiler, except thepeculiar shape of the sections and the manner of putting them together.

What I claim, therefore, as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a sectional steam or hot-water boiler, a section consisting of ahollow ring connected with two hollow hubs by two sets of hollow arms,forming a continuous passage for the circulation of water, one set ofarms being staggered over the other, as described, said section beingcast in one piece and adapted to be screwed upon a similar section,substantially as and for the purposes set forth and described.-

2; In a sectional steam or hot-water boiler, a' section consisting of ahollow ring having its inner wall beveled, as shown and described,connected with hollow hubs by two sets' of hollow curved arms, formingone continuous passage for the circulation of water, one set of armsbeing staggered over the other, as described, said section being adaptedto be screwed upon a similar section, substantially as described and setforth.

3. In a sectional steam or hot-water boiler, a section consisting of ahollow ring having its inner wall beveled, connected with hollow hubs bytwo sets of curved prism-shaped arms, one set being staggered above theother, as described, said arms being hollow and affording directcommunication for the circulation of water between the hubs and thehollow ring, said section being adapted to be screwed upon a similarsection, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and described.

IIS'

i. A sectional steam or hotwater boiler I composed of aseries ofwheel-shaped sections, each section consisting of a hollow ringconnected with hollow hubs by two sets of hollow arms, as described,said sections being screwed one upon the other, as described, incombination with a fire-box, water-leg, and steam-drum, all constructedand arranged substantially as described, and for thepurposes set forth.

5. A sectional steam or hot-water boiler composed of a series ofwheel-shaped sections, each section consisting of a hollow ringconnected with hollow hubs by two sets of hollow arms, one set beingstaggered over the other, as described, said sections being screwed oneupon the other, and when so screwed together.

6. A sectional steam or hot-water boiler composed of a series ofsections screwed one upon the other, each section consisting of a hollowring joined to hollow hubs by two sets of hollow arms and being providedwith baffleplates, as described, all combined with suitable fire-box,water-leg, and steam-drum, substantially as and for the purposes setforth and described.

7. The sectional steam or hot-water boiler composed of a series ofwheel-shaped sections screwed one upon the other, each sectionconsisting of the ring 8, arms 4 5, and hubs 6 7, with or Without thebaffle-plates 17, all combined and arranged with suitable fire-box,wafer-leg, and steam-drum, substantially as described, and for thepurposes set forth.

JOSHUA MASON.

Witnesses:

W. J CARSHORE, R. H. MILLER.

